КамчатНИРО 91
years

Kamchatka Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography

Journal / Archives

УДК 597.553.2:597-12 DOI: 10.15853/2072-8212.2017.45.62-70Download the full article

Influence of some environmental factors on juvenile coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch reared at the Vilyuisky hatchery (Kamchatka) in 2017

Tatyana V. Gavruseva, Elena V. Bochkova, Tatyana V. Ryazanova, Natalya V. Sergeenko, Elena A. Ustimenko

In this study, we analyzed the causes of increased mortality of juvenile coho salmon reared at the Vilyuisky hatchery in 2017.

Based on the results of complex (virological, bacteriological, parasitological) studies of fish, it was established that the epizootic situation at the hatchery was satisfactory. The results of the histological and hematological studies showed structural abnormalities in the kidneys, liver and gills and degenerative changes in blood cells characteristic of toxicosis. Most likely, the increased mortality of fish arose against the backdrop of chronic toxicosis caused by poor-quality feeds and the periodic introduction of contaminated stream water in to the hatchery.

aquaculture | toxicosis | pacific salmon

УДК 597.574.52DOI: Download the full article

Present-day state and long-term changes in the ichthyofauna composition of the Kamchatka river estuary

Grigory N. Markevich,

This paper characterizes the present-day state of ichthyofauna in estuarine water bodies of the Kamchatka River (the Nerpich’e, Kultuchnoe and Таkhirskie Lakes) basing on 2009–2011 field studies. Actual estuarine water bodies are brackish water areas with the ichthyofauna composed by 17 fish species. In life history traits all the species of the study water bodies are divided into 3 ecological forms: permanent, semi-anadromous and transit. Permanent species of the first group are constantly present in the estuarine water bodies, semi-anadromous fish appear there only to spawn in winter and spring transit species just migrate through the estuary seaward and to the rivers. This study demonstrates that today fish fauna composition differs from that of the beginning of the XX-th century when the estuarine water bodies were freshwater. According to the determined interconnections between the salinity of estuarine water bodies and their ichthyofauna a prognosis of changing of the latter is given for the case of possible estuary’s freshening.

| Kamchatka River | distribution | | pacific salmon | ichthyofauna

УДК 597.553 2DOI: Download the full article

Biological characteristics of some pacific salmons in the lower reaches of the Kamchatka river at the beginning of the XX-th century (according to the results of the analyzed unpublished archiv al data of P.Yu. Schmidt)

Grigory N. Markevich,

1908–1909 never before published data on biological characteristics of Pacific salmons and catch dynamics in the lower reaches of the Kamchatka River collected by Kamchatkan Expedition of the Russian Geographical Society (Ryabushinskiy’s expedition) are reported in this article. The data presented in original materials (diaries, letters and separate notes) which were written by the head of zoological group of P.Yu. Schmidt’s expedition now are stored in the archives of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Russian Geographical Society. The authors of the article discovered, processed and analyzed them.

| Kamchatka River | | pacific salmon |

УДК 597.553.2:59.087 DOI: 10.15853/2072-8212.2017.47.77-90Download the full article

Using the photo- and video records for assessment of Pacific salmon escapement on migration routes and spawning grounds: some of methodical approaches

As checking salmon escapement from the air (helicopter) is getting less extensive and detailed in Kamchatka, making photographies of spawning grounds has been resumed in two versions – from the shores and from the air (quadrocopter), and method of assessment of salmon escapement via statistical analysis of the photo-data was proposed based on obtained photographs of spawning grounds and migration routes. The essence is to figure out the number of the fish on calculated average values for each of loci and interpolating with the use of GPS-tracks. To legalize the method there was a comparison provided in 2017 between expert and methodical estimations for sockeye salmon in the basin of Nachikinskoye Lake, where early and late races spawned. It is demonstrated that the error (underesimation) for the late race was from 4 to 77%. Sockeye salmon escapement was evaluated based on the data. Discussion of the details of the method and versions of application and processing the data is provided.

Nachikinskoye Lake | Kamchatka | spawning grounds | photography | methods | stock assessment | pacific salmon

УДК 597.552.51:639.32(265)DOI: 10.15853/2072-8212.2018.48.19-30Download the full article

Current state of the health of pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus) in the aquaculture of Kamchatka 

Tatyana V. Gavruseva, Elena V. Bochkova, Natalya V. Sergeenko, Elena A. Ustimenko

Results of complex virological, bacteriological, parasitological and histological examination of juvenile and mature Pacific salmon from hatcheries of Kamchatka in 2015–2017 are demonstrated. The most dangerous pathogens for salmon included the Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus (IHNV) and bacteria Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida, the causative agent of furunculosis. An asymptomatic carriage of IHNV was revealed in mature sockeye salmon (O. nerka) from two hatcheries and chum salmon (O. keta) in one hatchery. An outbreak of the IHNwas recorded among juvenile sockeye salmon at one of hatcheries in 2017. For the research period A. salmonicidawas found at four hatcheries in sockeye salmon, coho salmon (O. kisutch) and chum salmon used for reproduction. Histopathological changes typical as chronic form of alimentary toxicosis were the most frequent in liver, kidneys and gastrointestinal tract of juvenile individuals. Serious structural changes of the organs and tissues as a result of water or alimentary toxicosis were revealed in coho salmon underyearlings in 2017.

Kamchatka | pathogens | infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (ihnv) | epizootic situation | aquaculture | pacific salmon

УДК 597.552.511-551.5 (265.2) DOI: 10.15853/2072-8212.2018.49.5-50Download the full article

Климатическая изменчивость и продуктивность тихоокеанских лососей Дальнего Востока России 

Аlexander V. Bugaev. , Vladimir I.Radchenko

На основе многолетних данных (1971–2015 гг.), включающих промысловую статистику и ряды наблюдений 17 климатических индексов, проведена оценка влияния климатической изменчивости на продуктивность тихоокеанских лососей Дальнего Востока России. Исследования проводили по трем массовым видам лососей — горбуше, кете и нерке. Оценки были получены для трех бассейновых группировок стад: ТБГ — Тихоокеанско-Беринговоморской (Восточная Камчатка и Чукотка); ЮОГ — Южноохотоморской (Сахалин, Курильские о-ва, бассейн р. Амур, Приморье); СОГ — Североохотоморской группировки (Западная Камчатка, материковое побережье Охотского моря).

Оценка взаимосвязи и отбор климатических индексов осуществляли с помощью корреляционного анализа и методом главных компонент. Полученные результаты исследований позволили отобрать 10 индексов с максимальной продолжительностью временных рядов (45 лет) — ALPI, PNA, WP, PDO, NP, AO, N.HEMI+dSST, Ap, Sun Spot, LOD. На основе выделенных индексов-индикаторов был проведен пошаговый многомерный регрессионный анализ, позволивший выделить наиболее значимые климатические факторы, воздействующие на продуктивность бассейновых группировок тихоокеанских лососей Дальнего Востока России. Все полученные результаты показали наличие достоверных взаимосвязей (p < 0,05–0,001) со значениями коэффициентов множественной регрессии от умеренных (R = 0,36–0,74) до сильных (R = 0,75– 0,93).

Наиболее высокий уровень взаимосвязи «продуктивность тихоокеанских лососей – климатические индексы» отмечен для видов с продолжительным морским/океаническим периодом нагула — у кеты и нерки. У горбуши данные показатели были заметно ниже для ТБГ и СОГ. Для ЮОГ коэффициент множественной корреляции был высок. Результаты исследований позволили выделить следующие наиболее активные климатические компоненты: N.HEMI+dSST (индекс глобальной температурной аномалии в Северном полушарии Земли), PDO (тихоокеанская декадная осцилляция), Ap (индекс гео-магнитной активности).

Анализ зонального влияния аномалий температуры воды (аТПО) в районах осеннего и зимнего нагула тихоокеанских лососей на первом году морского/океанического периода жизни в дальневосточных морях и субарктической зоне Тихого океана показал, что для охотоморских группировок стад (ЮОГ и СОГ) наибольшая взаимосвязь «аТПО–уловы» была отмечена в осенний период в центральной и южной частях Охотского моря, а также в прилегающих прикурильских водах Тихого океана: r = 0,4–0,7. Соответственно, у лососей ТБГ наиболее значимые связи были получены в западной части Берингова моря: r = 0,3–0,5. В период зимнего нагула влияние температурного фактора на продуктивность лососей было заметно ниже. .

| | | | pacific salmon

УДК 597.552.511 + 639.2.081.16 DOI: 10.15853/2072-8212.2018.49.85-99Download the full article

Результаты использования различных орудий лова на промысле тихоокеанских лососей в Камчатском крае в 2017 г.

Aleksey A. Nagornov, Mikhail N. Kovalenko, Andrey A. Adamov, Artem V. Soshin

Приведены итоги промысла тихоокеанских лососей в Камчатском крае в 2017 г. Проанализированы данные по вылову лососей на рыбопромысловых участках для промышленного и прибрежного рыболовства в зависимости от типа используемых орудий лова. Отмечены основные особенности и тенденции, характерные для промысла лососей различными орудиями лова. Даны предложения по дальнейшему развитию и организации промысла лососей на Камчатке.

Kamchatka | | behaviour of fish | pacific salmon | fishing gears

УДК 597.553.2 DOI: 10.15853/2072-8212.2018.50.5-26Download the full article

The status of the pacific salmon stocks in the rivers Nalychevo, Ostrovnaya and Vakhil (South-East Kamchatka) in 1980–2017

Stock abundance dynamics of sockeye salmon, pink salmon, chum salmon and coho salmon for the last 37 years was analyzed in the rivers Nalycheva, Ostrovnaya and Vakhil. Biological characteristics of spawners (including Chinook salmon) were analyzed in Nalycheva River, and a comparison to Ostrovnaya River was made for the first time (on the data about Nalycheva for 2017). Temporal groups were revealed for all salmon species (in exception of Chinook salmon) in the Nalycheva, and biological differences are demonstrated in case of occurence. Spatial and temporal diversity of Pacific salmon in each of the rivers mentioned was evaluated, and it is concluded, that urgent measures are required to protect salmon stocks in the rivers Nalycheva and Ostrovnaya were made.

Southeast Kamchatka | biological characterization | | escapement | catch | pacific salmon | spawners

УДК 597.553.2DOI: 10.15853/2072-8212.2019.52.50-78Download the full article

Evaluation of pacific salmon Oncorhynchusspawning escapement landmarks for the river basins of West Kamchatka

Mark G. Feldman, Eugeny А. Shevlyakov, Nina B. Artukhina

The article is the third and the last part in the seriasof articles, devoted to evaluation of the Pacific salmon spawning  escapement  for  the  rivers  of  Kamchatka  region.  In  the  first  article  we  analyzed  rivers  of  the Petropavlovsk-Commander fisheries subzone in the south-eastern part of Kamchatka peninsula (Feldman et al., 2016). In the second – we proposed landmarks for Pacific salmon spawning escapement for the rivers of North-Eastern Kamchatka (Feldman et al., 2018b). In this article we demonstrate the landmarks for Pacific salmon spawning escapement into the rivers of West Kamchatka, separated into the southern Kamchatka-Kurile and northern West-Kamchatkan subzones.

stratified model | optimal escapement | maximal sustainable catch | “stock–recruitment” models | pacific salmon